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25 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: metabolomics These pubmed results were generated on 2019/08/28PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

20 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: metabolomics These pubmed results were generated on 2019/08/27PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

Related Articles Metformin and Dipeptidase Peptidyl-4 Inhibitor Differentially Modulate the Intestinal Microbiota and Plasma Metabolome of Metabolically Dysfunctional Mice. Can J Diabetes. 2019 May 27;: Authors: Ryan PM, Patterson E, Carafa I, Mandal R, Wishart DS, Dinan TG, Cryan JF, Tuohy KM, Stanton C, Ross RP Abstract OBJECTIVES: Recent evidence indicates that gut microbiota is altered considerably by a variety of commonly prescribed medications. This study assessed the impact of 2 antidiabetic therapeutics on gut microbiota and markers of cardiometabolic disease in metabolically dysfunctional mice. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet for 24 weeks while receiving 1 of 2 antidiabetic therapeutics-metformin or dipeptidase peptidyl-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, PKF-275-055-for the final 12 weeks. Mice were assessed for weight gain, glucose and cholesterol metabolism, and adiposity. In addition, cecal microbiota was analyzed by 16S compositional sequencing, and plasma metabolome was analyzed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Both therapeutics had similar metabolic effects, attenuating mesenteric adiposity and improving cholesterol metabolism and insulin sensitivity. However, multivariate analyses of microbiota and metabolomics data revealed clear divergence of the therapeutic groups. Although both metformin and PKF-275-055 mice displayed significantly decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios, only metformin harboured metabolic health-associated Akkermansia, Parabacteroides and Christensenella. Paradoxically, metformin also reduced α diversity, a metric frequently associated with host metabolic fitness. PKF-275-055 mice displayed elevated levels of butyrate-producing Ruminococcus and acetogen Dorea, with reduced levels of certain plasma sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine entities. In turn, metformin reduced levels of acylcarnitines, a functional group associated with systemic metabolic dysfunction. Finally, several associations were identified between metabolites and altered taxa. CONCLUSIONS: This study represents the first direct comparison of the microbiota-modifying effects of metformin and a DPP-4 inhibitor, and proposes several putative microbial targets both in terms of novel therapeutic development and adverse effect prevention. PMID: 31445961 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Related Articles Endometrium and endometriosis tissue mitochondrial energy metabolism in a nonhuman primate model. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2019 Aug 24;17(1):70 Authors: Atkins HM, Bharadwaj MS, O'Brien Cox A, Furdui CM, Appt SE, Caudell DL Abstract BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is the growth of uterine lining (endometrium) outside of the uterus. In other chronic inflammatory diseases, mitochondrial dysfunction is suspected of playing a role in disease pathogenesis. However, little is known about endometriosis mitochondrial function or its effects on tissue metabolism. The objectives of this study were to analyze mitochondrial function in nonhuman primate (NHP) endometrium and endometriosis tissue and to identify the metabolic features of these tissues that may contribute to disease. METHODS: Mitochondrial function in endometriosis tissue and endometrium was measured using mitochondrial respirometry analysis to determine if changes in oxidative phosphorylation exist in endometrium and endometriosis tissue compared to control endometrium from clinically healthy NHPs. Targeted metabolomics and multidimensional statistical analysis were applied to quantify key metabolites in energy and amino acid biosynthesis pathways. RESULTS: Mitochondrial respirometry assays showed endometrium from NHPs with endometriosis had reduced complex II-mediated oxygen consumption rates (OCR) across all energy states (basal, p = 0.01; state 3, p = 0.02; state 3u, p = 0.04; state 4o, p = 0.008) and endometriosis tissue had reduced state 3, complex I-mediated OCR (p = 0.02) and respiratory control rates (p = 0.01) compared to normal endometrium. Targeted metabolomics performed on tissue revealed carnitine (p = 0.001), creatine phosphate (p = 0.01), NADH (p = 0.0001), FAD (p = 0.001), tryptophan (p = 0.0009), and malic acid (p = 0.005) were decreased in endometriosis tissue compared to normal endometrium samples. FAD (p = 0.004), tryptophan (p = 0.0004) and malic acid (p = 0.03) were significantly decreased in endometrium from NHPs with endometriosis compared to normal endometrium. Significant metabolites identified in endometriosis and endometrium samples from animals with endometriosis were part of amino acid biosynthesis or energy metabolism pathways. CONCLUSIONS: Here, endometrial mitochondrial energy production and metabolism were decreased in endometrium and endometriosis tissue. Decreased mitochondrial energy production may be due to oxidative stress-induced damage to mitochondrial DNA or membranes, a shift in cell metabolism, or decreased energy substrate; however, the exact cause remains unknown. Additional research is needed to determine the implications of reduced mitochondrial energy production and metabolism on endometriosis and endometrium. PMID: 31445519 [PubMed - in process]

Related Articles Metabolomics for predicting hyperglycemia in pregnancy: a protocol for a systematic review and potential meta-analysis. Syst Rev. 2019 Aug 24;8(1):218 Authors: Nicolosi BF, Leite DF, Mayrink J, Souza RT, Cecatti JG, Calderon IMP Abstract BACKGROUND: Hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HIP) has been recently differentiated between diabetes in pregnancy (DIP) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The proposed protocol is relevant, and clinical concern is due to the higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) and long-term effects on both the mother and the fetus. Fasting plasma glucose level (FPG) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) are current diagnostic tools. However, controversy persists concerning diagnostic criteria, cut-off points, and even selective or universal screening. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the performance of metabolomic markers in the prediction of HIP. METHODS: This is a protocol for a systematic review with potential meta-analysis. The primary outcome is GDM, defined as glucose intolerance identified in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy (any FPG ≥ 92 mg/dL and < 126 mg/dL OR when 75-g OGTT shows one altered value among these: FPG ≥ 92 mg/dL or 1-h post glucose load ≥ 180 mg/dL or 2-h post glucose load ≥ 153 mg/dL); the secondary outcome is HIP, defined as hyperglycemia detected in the first trimester of pregnancy (any FPG ≥ 126 mg/dL). A detailed systematic literature search will be carried out in electronic databases and conference abstracts, using the keywords "gestational diabetes mellitus," "metabolomics," "pregnancy," and "screening" (and their variations). We will include original peer-reviewed articles published from Jan 1, 1999, to Dec 31, 2018. Original studies including diabetes diagnosed before pregnancy (T2DM and T1DM), multiple pregnancies, and congenital malformations will be excluded. All results regarding samples, participant characteristics, metabolomic techniques, and diagnostic accuracy measures will be retrieved and analyzed. Since this is a systematic review, no ethical approval is necessary. DISCUSSION: This systematic review may have the potential to provide significant evidence-based findings on the prediction performance of metabolomics. There are short and long-term repercussions for the mother and the newborn. Therefore, both may benefit from an accurate prediction technique for HIP. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: This protocol was registered in the PROSPERO platform under number CRD42018100175 . PMID: 31445518 [PubMed - in process]

Correlation between maximum standardized uptake values on FDG-PET and microenvironmental factors in patients with clinical stage IA radiologic pure-solid lung adenocarcinoma. Lung Cancer. 2019 Aug 09;136:57-64 Authors: Ichikawa T, Aokage K, Miyoshi T, Tane K, Suzuki K, Makinoshima H, Tsuboi M, Ishii G Abstract OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) accumulation is associated with the expression of microenvironmental factors in radiological pure-solid lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS: We selected 50 cases involving patients with clinical stage IA radiological pure-solid lung adenocarcinoma who were examined with 18 F-FDG positron emission tomography (18 F-FDG PET) prior to surgery and whose FDG-PET maximal standardized uptake values (SUVmax) were calculated. Tumor specimens were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for phosphorylated AKT (pAKT), glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT-1), carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX), podoplanin-positive cancer associated fibroblasts (PDPN + CAFs), and CD204-positive tumor-associated macrophages (CD204+ TAMs). We compared the clinicopathological characteristics and the immunophenotypes between two groups with high and low SUVmax. RESULTS: A multivariate analysis revealed that SUVmax was an independently significant prognostic factor (P = .03). The 5-year overall survival (OS) and recurrence free survival (RFS) rates of the SUV max high and low groups were 68.0% versus 100% ((P = .002; OS) 54.3% versus 90.8% (P < .001; RFS)), respectively. Vascular invasion, pleural invasion, and the prevalence of solid predominant subtype tumors were more frequent in the SUVmax high group. Additionally, the expression levels of GLUT-1 and pAKT in cancer cells were significantly higher in this group (P < .001, and P < .001 respectively). Furthermore, the numbers of the tumor-promoting stromal cells, i.e., PDPN + CAFs and CD204+ TAMs, were also significantly higher in the SUVmax high group (P = .001, and P < .001 respectively). CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that a close association exists between the SUVmax and expressions of not only metabolism associated markers in cancer cells but also of tumor promoting markers in stromal cells among patients with clinical stage IA adenocarcinoma with radiologically pure-solid nodules. PMID: 31445355 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Malvidin 3-Glucoside Modulated Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Global Metabolome Disrupted in a Murine Colitis Model Induced by Dextran Sulfate Sodium. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2019 Aug 24;:e1900455 Authors: Liu F, Wang TTY, Tang Q, Xue C, Li RW, Wu VCH Abstract SCOPE: This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of the anthocyanin malvidin 3-glucoside (MV) in alleviating gut dysbiosis using a murine colitis model induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). METHODS AND RESULTS: The effect of MV on the structure and function of the colon microbiome and microbial metabolism was evaluated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, global metabolomics, and a network algorithm based on the random-matrix theory. MV ingestion improved histopathological scores and increased IL10 expression in the colon mucosa of colitis mice. While DSS had a profound effect on the gut microbiome and significantly decreased both microbial richness and evenness, MV further reduced evenness but promoted microbial interactions and restored the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio repressed by DSS. Moreover, MV reduced the abundance of pathogenic bacteria, such as Ruminococcus gnavus, in colitis mice and had a strong modulatory effect on microbial co-occurrence patterns and gut metabolites. In addition, MV reversed several key inflammatory mediators, including sphingolipid metabolites, from elevated levels in DSS colitis mice. As a bioactive ingredient, MV exerted its effect on the gut microbiome in a mechanism that differed from the whole blueberry. CONCLUSION: MV ingestion ameliorated intestinal inflammation by modulating colon epithelium integrity, gut microbiome, and key inflammatory mediators. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. PMID: 31444937 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Related Articles Circulating metabolites in progression to islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2019 Aug 23;: Authors: Lamichhane S, Kemppainen E, Trošt K, Siljander H, Hyöty H, Ilonen J, Toppari J, Veijola R, Hyötyläinen T, Knip M, Orešič M Abstract AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Metabolic dysregulation may precede the onset of type 1 diabetes. However, these metabolic disturbances and their specific role in disease initiation remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined whether children who progress to type 1 diabetes have a circulatory polar metabolite profile distinct from that of children who later progress to islet autoimmunity but not type 1 diabetes and a matched control group. METHODS: We analysed polar metabolites from 415 longitudinal plasma samples in a prospective cohort of children in three study groups: those who progressed to type 1 diabetes; those who seroconverted to one islet autoantibody but not to type 1 diabetes; and an antibody-negative control group. Metabolites were measured using two-dimensional GC high-speed time of flight MS. RESULTS: In early infancy, progression to type 1 diabetes was associated with downregulated amino acids, sugar derivatives and fatty acids, including catabolites of microbial origin, compared with the control group. Methionine remained persistently upregulated in those progressing to type 1 diabetes compared with the control group and those who seroconverted to one islet autoantibody. The appearance of islet autoantibodies was associated with decreased glutamic and aspartic acids. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Our findings suggest that children who progress to type 1 diabetes have a unique metabolic profile, which is, however, altered with the appearance of islet autoantibodies. Our findings may assist with early prediction of the disease. PMID: 31444528 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Related Articles Blood plasma metabolic profiling of pregnant women with antenatal depressive symptoms. Transl Psychiatry. 2019 Aug 23;9(1):204 Authors: Henriksson HE, Malavaki C, Bränn E, Drainas V, Lager S, Iliadis SI, Papadopoulos FC, Sundström Poromaa I, Chrousos GP, Klapa MI, Skalkidou A Abstract Antenatal depression affects ~9-19% of pregnant women and can exert persistent adverse effects on both mother and child. There is a need for a deeper understanding of antenatal depression mechanisms and the development of tools for reliable diagnosis and early identification of women at high risk. As the use of untargeted blood metabolomics in the investigation of psychiatric and neurological diseases has increased substantially, the main objective of this study was to investigate whether untargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) plasma metabolomics in 45 women in late pregnancy, residing in Uppsala, Sweden, could indicate metabolic differences between women with and without depressive symptoms. Furthermore, seasonal differences in the metabolic profiles were explored. When comparing the profiles of cases with controls, independently of season, no differences were observed. However, seasonal differences were observed in the metabolic profiles of control samples, suggesting a favorable cardiometabolic profile in the summer vs. winter, as indicated by lower glucose and sugar acid concentrations and lactate to pyruvate ratio, and higher abundance of arginine and phosphate. Similar differences were identified between cases and controls among summer pregnancies, indicating an association between a stressed metabolism and depressive symptoms. No depression-specific differences were apparent among depressed and non-depressed women, in the winter pregnancies; this could be attributed to an already stressed metabolism due to the winter living conditions. Our results provide new insights into the pathophysiology of antenatal depression, and warrant further investigation of the use of metabolomics in antenatal depression in larger cohorts. PMID: 31444321 [PubMed - in process]

Related Articles Supercritical fluid chromatography-mass spectrometry using data independent acquisition for the analysis of polar metabolites in human urine. J Chromatogr A. 2019 Aug 12;:460449 Authors: Akbal L, Hopfgartner G Abstract The application of supercritical fluid chromatography with mass spectrometric (MS) detection (SFC-MS) was compared towards generic reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) for the analysis of urine with regards of ionization performance and analyte identification. The different chromatographic conditions were characterized with a selected set of 51 metabolites from different classes reported in the Human Metabolome DataBase (HMDB) and previously detected in human urine and/or plasma. SFC using a diol column with a gradient of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methanol with 10 mM ammonium hydroxide as modifier was able to retain and separate 20 polar analytes co-eluting in the RPLC eluent front. In the conditions investigated and compared to HILIC where many metabolites were also co-eluting, SFC showed a different ratio between elution domain and analysis time. Similar peak width and symmetry were observed, while retention time variability was slightly lower compared to that of HILIC (0.15% versus 0.24% and 1.26% for RPLC and HILIC, respectively). In SFC-MS, a significant signal enhancement (2-150 times, average of about 10 times) was measured after post-column make-up addition (MeOH/H2O, 95/5, v/v + 25 mM ammonium acetate) for 28 analytes. Nine analytes measured by LC-MS could not be detected in SFC-MS. Applicability of SFC-MS for metabolomics was investigated with the analysis of urine samples using data independent acquisition (DIA) and more specifically Sequential Window Acquisition of all Theoretical Mass Spectra (SWATH/MS). Using a metabolomics library, 74 metabolites from human urine could be identified in positive mode in a single SFC-MS analysis of 15 min. PMID: 31443968 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Related Articles Untargeted Metabolomic Profile for the Detection of Prostate Carcinoma-Preliminary Results from PARAFAC2 and PLS-DA Models. Molecules. 2019 Aug 22;24(17): Authors: Amante E, Salomone A, Alladio E, Vincenti M, Porpiglia F, Bro R Abstract Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the main biomarker for the screening of prostate cancer (PCa), which has a high sensibility (higher than 80%) that is negatively offset by its poor specificity (only 30%, with the European cut-off of 4 ng/mL). This generates a large number of useless biopsies, involving both risks for the patients and costs for the national healthcare systems. Consequently, efforts were recently made to discover new biomarkers useful for PCa screening, including our proposal of interpreting a multi-parametric urinary steroidal profile with multivariate statistics. This approach has been expanded to investigate new alleged biomarkers by the application of untargeted urinary metabolomics. Urine samples from 91 patients (43 affected by PCa; 48 by benign hyperplasia) were deconjugated, extracted in both basic and acidic conditions, derivatized with different reagents, and analyzed with different gas chromatographic columns. Three-dimensional data were obtained from full-scan electron impact mass spectra. The PARADISe software, coupled with NIST libraries, was employed for the computation of PARAFAC2 models, the extraction of the significative components (alleged biomarkers), and the generation of a semiquantitative dataset. After variables selection, a partial least squares-discriminant analysis classification model was built, yielding promising performances. The selected biomarkers need further validation, possibly involving, yet again, a targeted approach. PMID: 31443574 [PubMed - in process]

Related Articles Perineuronal Nets and Their Role in Synaptic Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Aug 22;20(17): Authors: Bosiacki M, Gąssowska-Dobrowolska M, Kojder K, Fabiańska M, Jeżewski D, Gutowska I, Lubkowska A Abstract Extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules that are released by neurons and glial cells form perineuronal nets (PNNs) and modulate many neuronal and glial functions. PNNs, whose structure is still not known in detail, surround cell bodies and dendrites, which leaves free space for synapses to come into contact. A reduction in the expression of many neuronal ECM components adversely affects processes that are associated with synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. At the same time, increased ECM activity, e.g., as a result of astrogliosis following brain damage or in neuroinflammation, can also have harmful consequences. The therapeutic use of enzymes to attenuate elevated neuronal ECM expression after injury or in Alzheimer's disease has proven to be beneficial by promoting axon growth and increasing synaptic plasticity. Yet, severe impairment of ECM function can also lead to neurodegeneration. Thus, it appears that to ensure healthy neuronal function a delicate balance of ECM components must be maintained. In this paper we review the structure of PNNs and their components, such as hyaluronan, proteoglycans, core proteins, chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans, tenascins, and Hapln proteins. We also characterize the role of ECM in the functioning of the blood-brain barrier, neuronal communication, as well as the participation of PNNs in synaptic plasticity and some clinical aspects of perineuronal net impairment. Furthermore, we discuss the participation of PNNs in brain signaling. Understanding the molecular foundations of the ways that PNNs participate in brain signaling and synaptic plasticity, as well as how they change in physiological and pathological conditions, may help in the development of new therapies for many degenerative and inflammatory diseases of the brain. PMID: 31443560 [PubMed - in process]

Related Articles Advances of Metabolomics in Fungal Pathogen-Plant Interactions. Metabolites. 2019 Aug 15;9(8): Authors: Chen F, Ma R, Chen XL Abstract Plant disease caused by fungus is one of the major threats to global food security, and understanding fungus-plant interactions is important for plant disease control. Research devoted to revealing the mechanisms of fungal pathogen-plant interactions has been conducted using genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. Metabolomics research based on mass spectrometric techniques is an important part of systems biology. In the past decade, the emerging field of metabolomics in plant pathogenic fungi has received wide attention. It not only provides a qualitative and quantitative approach for determining the pathogenesis of pathogenic fungi but also helps to elucidate the defense mechanisms of their host plants. This review focuses on the methods and progress of metabolomics research in fungal pathogen-plant interactions. In addition, the prospects and challenges of metabolomics research in plant pathogenic fungi and their hosts are addressed. PMID: 31443304 [PubMed]

20 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: metabolomics These pubmed results were generated on 2019/08/24PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

20 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: metabolomics These pubmed results were generated on 2019/08/24PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

38 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: metabolomics These pubmed results were generated on 2019/08/23PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

38 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: metabolomics These pubmed results were generated on 2019/08/23PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

18 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: metabolomics These pubmed results were generated on 2019/08/22PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

25 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: metabolomics These pubmed results were generated on 2019/08/21PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

25 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: metabolomics These pubmed results were generated on 2019/08/21PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.